The essay deals with the distribution of jurisdiction between ordinary and administrative courts in the field of entry, stay and expulsion of foreigners from Italian territory. The research begins with the analysis of administrative acts that authorize foreigners to enter, reside and circulate in Italy, and of those that send away unauthorized foreigners. Then, it considers disputes that may arise between foreigners and public authorities that take measures about them. Some of these disputes are assigned to administrative courts, others to ordinary courts, according to a distribution criterion that has no clear theoretical basis. The criteria proposed by the case law are different: the discretionary or bound character of the injurious act, the nature of subjective right or legitimate interest of the juridical situation of the foreigner, the qualification of his rights as “non-degradable”. None of them gives a unitary and coherent explanation to the distribution of jurisdiction fixed by Italian law. These provisions exceed both internal and external traditional limits of the ordinary jurisdiction, bringing out the specialty – also in regards to judicial protection – of the “administrative law of foreigners”. The examination of the constitutional case law brings out the central role played, in the matter at issue, by the principle of effectiveness of protection. However, to achieve the goal of full and effective protection, it’s necessary that the new frontiers between ordinary jurisdiction and administrative power are clearly provided by law.
Il saggio si occupa del riparto di giurisdizione tra G.O. e G.A. in materia di ingresso, soggiorno e allontanamento degli stranieri dal territorio dello Stato italiano. La ricerca muove dall’analisi degli atti amministrativi che autorizzano gli stranieri ad entrare, soggiornare e circolare in Italia, e di quelli che allontanano dal nostro territorio gli stranieri non autorizzati, per poi prendere in esame le controversie che possono sorgere tra i destinatari dei suddetti atti e le autorità amministrative che li adottano. Tali controversie risultano affidate in parte alla giurisdizione del G.A. e in parte a quella del G.O., secondo un criterio di riparto del quale non è chiaro il fondamento teorico. I criteri proposti dalla giurisprudenza sono diversi: il carattere discrezionale o vincolato del provvedimento lesivo, la natura di diritto soggettivo o interesse legittimo della situazione giuridica soggettiva dello straniero, la qualificazione dei suoi diritti come indegradabili. Nessuno di essi consente di spiegare in modo coerente e unitario le scelte del legislatore. La disciplina positiva del riparto trascende i tradizionali limiti esterni e interni della giurisdizione ordinaria, facendo emergere la specialità, anche in tema di tutela giurisdizionale, del “diritto amministrativo dello straniero”. L’esame della giurisprudenza costituzionale evidenzia il ruolo centrale che nella disciplina della materia svolge il principio di effettività della tutela giurisdizionale. Per raggiungere l’obiettivo di una tutela piena ed effettiva appare però necessario che il superamento dei limiti della giurisdizione ordinaria nei confronti del potere amministrativo sia dotato di un esplicito fondamento legislativo.
Il riparto di giurisdizione in materia di ingresso, soggiorno e allontanamento dello straniero dal territorio dello Stato italiano
D'ANTONIO, SIMONA
2017-01-01
Abstract
The essay deals with the distribution of jurisdiction between ordinary and administrative courts in the field of entry, stay and expulsion of foreigners from Italian territory. The research begins with the analysis of administrative acts that authorize foreigners to enter, reside and circulate in Italy, and of those that send away unauthorized foreigners. Then, it considers disputes that may arise between foreigners and public authorities that take measures about them. Some of these disputes are assigned to administrative courts, others to ordinary courts, according to a distribution criterion that has no clear theoretical basis. The criteria proposed by the case law are different: the discretionary or bound character of the injurious act, the nature of subjective right or legitimate interest of the juridical situation of the foreigner, the qualification of his rights as “non-degradable”. None of them gives a unitary and coherent explanation to the distribution of jurisdiction fixed by Italian law. These provisions exceed both internal and external traditional limits of the ordinary jurisdiction, bringing out the specialty – also in regards to judicial protection – of the “administrative law of foreigners”. The examination of the constitutional case law brings out the central role played, in the matter at issue, by the principle of effectiveness of protection. However, to achieve the goal of full and effective protection, it’s necessary that the new frontiers between ordinary jurisdiction and administrative power are clearly provided by law.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.