This essay examines the emergence of the public museum in the eighteenth century through a comparison between Florence and Rome, focusing on the relationship between museums, cultural heritage protection, and the art market. Beginning with the 1737 Family Pact and the institutional consolidation of the Uffizi, the article highlights the dynastic and identity-based nature of the Florentine model, strongly oriented toward preserving the Medici collections in situ. At the same time, the rapid establishment of the Capitoline Museums (1734), the Capitoline Picture Gallery (1749), and the Gallery of the Accademia di San Luca (1753) reveals the formation of a more dynamic Roman museum system, deeply connected to collecting practices, the international circulation of artworks, and the European art market. Figures such as Alessandro Albani, Silvio Valenti Gonzaga, Anton Francesco Gori, and Paolo Falconieri exemplify the role played by agents, intermediaries, and antiquarians in shaping taste and defining the modern museum. The essay concludes by drawing a parallel with the present day, showing how the relationship between museums and the art market still remains a central issue in contemporary cultural policy.
Il saggio analizza la nascita del museo pubblico nel Settecento attraverso un confronto fra Firenze e Roma, concentrandosi sul rapporto tra istituzioni museali, tutela e mercato dell’arte. A partire dal Patto di famiglia del 1737 e dalla formalizzazione degli Uffizi, il contributo mette in luce il carattere identitario e dinastico del modello fiorentino, fortemente orientato alla conservazione in situ del patrimonio mediceo. Parallelamente, la rapida successione dei Musei Capitolini (1734), della Pinacoteca Capitolina (1749) e della Galleria dell’Accademia di San Luca (1753) rivela la formazione di un sistema museale romano più dinamico e strettamente intrecciato alle logiche del collezionismo, della circolazione internazionale delle opere e del mercato artistico europeo. Figure come Alessandro Albani, Silvio Valenti Gonzaga, Anton Francesco Gori e Paolo Falconieri mostrano il ruolo esercitato da agenti, intermediari ed eruditi nella costruzione del gusto e nella definizione del museo moderno. Il contributo propone infine un confronto con il presente, mostrando come il rapporto tra museo e mercato continui ancora oggi a rappresentare un nodo centrale delle politiche culturali.
Costruire e plasmare il Museo intorno al 1750: un confronto Roma-Firenze
Paolo Coen
In corso di stampa
Abstract
This essay examines the emergence of the public museum in the eighteenth century through a comparison between Florence and Rome, focusing on the relationship between museums, cultural heritage protection, and the art market. Beginning with the 1737 Family Pact and the institutional consolidation of the Uffizi, the article highlights the dynastic and identity-based nature of the Florentine model, strongly oriented toward preserving the Medici collections in situ. At the same time, the rapid establishment of the Capitoline Museums (1734), the Capitoline Picture Gallery (1749), and the Gallery of the Accademia di San Luca (1753) reveals the formation of a more dynamic Roman museum system, deeply connected to collecting practices, the international circulation of artworks, and the European art market. Figures such as Alessandro Albani, Silvio Valenti Gonzaga, Anton Francesco Gori, and Paolo Falconieri exemplify the role played by agents, intermediaries, and antiquarians in shaping taste and defining the modern museum. The essay concludes by drawing a parallel with the present day, showing how the relationship between museums and the art market still remains a central issue in contemporary cultural policy.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


