Plant-based products are increasingly excellent alternatives to chemical preservatives in food, as well as main components of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products [1,2]. In the last decades, several agricultural farms, research organizations and institutions have shown a new interest in the cultivation of Cannabis sativa L. with low content of delta9tetrahydrocannabinol THC (industrial hemp) and high content of cannabidiol CBD, because of its good application in food and pharmaceutical fields [3-4]. Essential oils and extracts of hemp are characterized by a rich content of bioactive compounds, responsible for the potential biological activities. [5-6] The purpose of this work was to explore the chemical composition and the biological properties of essential oils (OEs) and extracts (EXs) obtained from C. sativa cv. Futura 75, cultivated in the Abruzzo region. Dried inflorescence of hemp was provided by a local farm and preserved in vacuum bags until the distillation or extraction. EOs were obtained by steam distillation at different time, two, four and six hours. Their chemical composition was determined by GC-MS analysis. The main components were identified by the comparison of the relative retention times of a reference or comparing their retention indices (KI) with literature data in absence of the reference compound. After homogenization, grindered and sieved of dried matrix, EXs were obtained both with conventional methods as maceration, ultrasound and Soxhlet, and with one of the most innovative strategies that is the RSLDE - Rapid Solid-Liquid Dynamic Extraction, performed by "Naviglio Extractor®". Moreover, Soxhlet and Naviglio EXs were obtained at different extraction time, two and four hours. The chemical composition of volatile fraction of the obtained EXs was determined by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to GC-MS technique. Cannabinoids content was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. Both EOs and EXs were evaluated for the total phenolic content (TPC) by Folin-Ciocâlteu method, and for the antioxidant activity (AOC) by TEAC/ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays. Moreover, EOs were investigated for the antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative food-borne bacteria, through the Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericide Concentration (MBC) determination. The results of this study confirm industrial hemp as a source of high value bioactive compounds. OEs collected after four and six hours of distillation have shown higher performances than the two hours one, while, to the obtaining biologically active EXs, the two hours RSLDE by Naviglio Extractor has been the best of the extraction techniques
CANNABIS SATIVA L. CV FUTURA 75: ESSENTIAL OILS AND EXTRACTS
Palmieri Sara
2019-01-01
Abstract
Plant-based products are increasingly excellent alternatives to chemical preservatives in food, as well as main components of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products [1,2]. In the last decades, several agricultural farms, research organizations and institutions have shown a new interest in the cultivation of Cannabis sativa L. with low content of delta9tetrahydrocannabinol THC (industrial hemp) and high content of cannabidiol CBD, because of its good application in food and pharmaceutical fields [3-4]. Essential oils and extracts of hemp are characterized by a rich content of bioactive compounds, responsible for the potential biological activities. [5-6] The purpose of this work was to explore the chemical composition and the biological properties of essential oils (OEs) and extracts (EXs) obtained from C. sativa cv. Futura 75, cultivated in the Abruzzo region. Dried inflorescence of hemp was provided by a local farm and preserved in vacuum bags until the distillation or extraction. EOs were obtained by steam distillation at different time, two, four and six hours. Their chemical composition was determined by GC-MS analysis. The main components were identified by the comparison of the relative retention times of a reference or comparing their retention indices (KI) with literature data in absence of the reference compound. After homogenization, grindered and sieved of dried matrix, EXs were obtained both with conventional methods as maceration, ultrasound and Soxhlet, and with one of the most innovative strategies that is the RSLDE - Rapid Solid-Liquid Dynamic Extraction, performed by "Naviglio Extractor®". Moreover, Soxhlet and Naviglio EXs were obtained at different extraction time, two and four hours. The chemical composition of volatile fraction of the obtained EXs was determined by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to GC-MS technique. Cannabinoids content was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. Both EOs and EXs were evaluated for the total phenolic content (TPC) by Folin-Ciocâlteu method, and for the antioxidant activity (AOC) by TEAC/ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays. Moreover, EOs were investigated for the antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative food-borne bacteria, through the Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericide Concentration (MBC) determination. The results of this study confirm industrial hemp as a source of high value bioactive compounds. OEs collected after four and six hours of distillation have shown higher performances than the two hours one, while, to the obtaining biologically active EXs, the two hours RSLDE by Naviglio Extractor has been the best of the extraction techniquesI documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
