After situating the origins of the Fasci di combattimento (March 1919), the chapter examines the phenomenon of squadrismo and the events that led to the October 28, 1922 March on Rome and the subsequent formation of the Mussolini government. It then traces the following years’ dismantling of liberal institutions and the construction of the totalitarian State: a one-party State structured around the cult of the Duce and the project to control all aspects of Italians’ public and private lives. The chapter then moves to analyze the policies implemented by the regime in response to the Great Depression and in preparation for the Ethiopian War. The War altered the country’s international position and inspired its rapprochement with the Third Reich – an alliance sanctioned by the Rome-Berlin Axis in the fall of 1936. The chapter’s concluding section traces the key transformations of World War II: the progressive but unequivocal loss of consensus; Mussolini’s voting out of power and arrest; the appointment of Marshal Badoglio as head of a new government and the armistice of September 8, 1943; the birth of the Repubblica sociale italiana and the civil war that ended with the victory of the Allies and the liberation of Italy.
The Fascist Regime in Italy
maddalena carli
2027-01-01
Abstract
After situating the origins of the Fasci di combattimento (March 1919), the chapter examines the phenomenon of squadrismo and the events that led to the October 28, 1922 March on Rome and the subsequent formation of the Mussolini government. It then traces the following years’ dismantling of liberal institutions and the construction of the totalitarian State: a one-party State structured around the cult of the Duce and the project to control all aspects of Italians’ public and private lives. The chapter then moves to analyze the policies implemented by the regime in response to the Great Depression and in preparation for the Ethiopian War. The War altered the country’s international position and inspired its rapprochement with the Third Reich – an alliance sanctioned by the Rome-Berlin Axis in the fall of 1936. The chapter’s concluding section traces the key transformations of World War II: the progressive but unequivocal loss of consensus; Mussolini’s voting out of power and arrest; the appointment of Marshal Badoglio as head of a new government and the armistice of September 8, 1943; the birth of the Repubblica sociale italiana and the civil war that ended with the victory of the Allies and the liberation of Italy.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
