MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING EATING BEHAVIOURS

This thesis examines the molecular, epigenetic, and metabolic foundations of binge eating behaviour, with a particular focus on the complex interplay between genetic, epigenetic, microbial, and dietary factors. The overarching objective is to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying binge eating episodes, while exploring novel therapeutic approaches involving bioactive compounds and nutritional interventions. Using preclinical models and human samples we aim to: 1. Investigate Molecular Mechanisms in an animal model of BED: explore the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of key genes in animal models subjected to binge-like eating behaviours, focusing on the endocannabinoid, dopaminergic, and adenosinergic systems (Chapters 2 and 3). 2. Identify Biomarkers in Human BED and BN: assess the role of the salivary microbiome, exosomal miRNAs, and DNA methylation patterns in BED and bulimia nervosa (BN), with the aim of discovering biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment (Chapter 4). 3. Evaluate the potential role of local nutraceuticals in the regulation of the molecular mechanisms accounting for BED: examine the effects of bioactive compounds in Nero Antico di Pretalucente and Brassica rapa from Lama dei Peligni, for their potential contributions in the context of BED (Chapter 5). 4. Investigate the effects of local varieties of Brassica on Gut Microbiota Modulation in BED: evaluate if and how Brassica rapa can influence gut microbiota composition and metabolite profiles, affecting appetite regulation and metabolic health (Chapter 6).